Protocol

Today we will know what is Protocol in Networking and what are the types of it? Hindi meaning of protocol is the rule group, the rules made to do something. In this way, when there is data transfer in digital communication, there are some rules for it too. Which are called network protocols. These rules are made so that data can be transferred within the network in a systematic and safe manner.

 

 

There are many types of protocols and they all have an important role in the process. This topic is quite complicated to say, but after reading this, what is the protocol called? It will make sense as well as how the protocol works? It will also be fully informed. If you are preparing for an IT exam, then questions related to the protocol can be asked in it. So let’s first know what does Protocol mean? Then we will look at the remaining aspects of it.

Table of contents

What is the protocol

Protocol is a kind of “set of rules”, which are used in digital communication. It is decided by protocol that how the data will be transmitted and received on the computer network. The protocol in computing is also called digital language. Without them, we cannot talk to each other on the internet nor can we transfer data from one computer to another. Any file or mail sent by us on the Internet works according to this Internet protocol.

For example, we humans have also made many traffic rules for our organized traffic, by following these, we save our time as well and this also keeps our security intact. Similarly, some protocols are made for systematic and safe transfer of data on internet network, which we also call network protocol. So overall a protocol is a set of rules and guidelines for data communication.

There are many types of this and their functions are also different. That is why they are defined by different names. Some of them specify communication standards and some provide complete information on transmission process. Processes performed by these protocols include data flow rate, data type, process nature and device managment.

Why Importance is Important

Without protocol, any device is unable to understand the electronic signals sent by each other over the entire network. The function of these network protocols is to make connections between these devices. Apart from this, there are many such important works, which show the importance of these protocols.

1) When two electronic devices make contact with each other. So that in order to be able to work successfully, some rules are made, which we call Protocol. Following these protocols, safe data transfer is possible between devices.

2) It is decided by protocol that all programs are written in the same format. If we wrote them separately then this program would be unable to interact with any other.

3) When we send data from one device to another, then it reaches directly to it, for this protocol provides source to reach it to security and destination.

4) When data is sent to a device, how to receive it and how to respond. It all depends on the rules made by the protocol.

So overall, we humans have to follow many requirements and rules to interact among themselves. Similarly protocols have to be followed for communication of data on the network.

Protocol type

Different types of network operating systems use many types of digital language to control the communication process between computers. Some important network protocol is explained below.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

This is an internet communication protocol, without this, no communication is possible in the internet. This allows to establish a connection between two devices and exchange data. It works together with the IP protocol. TCP guarantees the delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the order in which they were sent. This is one of the most important protocols in TCP / IP networks. If a data packet is lost during data transfer, TCP has the ability to retrieve that packet data by sending a regeneration request.

IP (Internet Protocol)

Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data transfer from one computer to another is done on the Internet. Every computer on the Internet has a different IP Address, which specifically identifies it from all other computers on the Internet. When we send some data from our computer to another device, it goes into several packets. Each packet contains the IP address of sender and receiver, which helps it reach the right destination. Its basic function is to bring the destination address.

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

It is similar to the TCP protocol, but it does not have that much capability. It is used to transmit small size data packets. These low size data packets are called datagrams. If a data packet is lost during transfer, it does not have the ability to regenerate it. It works together with the IP protocol.

SMTP / POP3

Both these protocols are used for the same function. The task of SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is to send mail and the work of POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3) is to receive mail.

IMAP (Internet Massage Access Protocol)

This PROTOCOL works to store all our mails in Mail Server. When we login by entering our mail id and password, it helps us to access our mail.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

The HTTP protocol is a set of rules created to transfer web pages to the World Wide Web (WWW). Without this, no data exchange can be done on web and client server protocol. When we request a webpage using a web browser, the HTTP Protocol only serves to fetch that webpage. Overall, whenever we use a browser, we start using HTTP indirectly. It is an application protocol that runs at the top of the TCP / IP protocol.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

The FTP protocol is a standard internet protocol for transmitting files between computers on the internet. The transfer or copy of all the files on the network from one place to another is possible only through the FTP Protocol. Apart from this, all the files that we download or upload from websites are only through the FTP protocol. All webpages on the Internet are uploaded to the FTP server. It uses the TCP / IP protocol to enable data transfer.

How does the protocol work

We use the example of the TCP protocol to explain how the Internet Protocol works. When we request a webpage on a web browser, we have a little understanding of what protocols work to bring that webpage to us.

We all know that all webpages on the Internet exist on a server and when we ask for a webpage from the browser, it sends its request to the server. Since all webpages are written in Hypertext markup language (HTML), the server sends the HTML file of that webpage to the browser. Now internet protocol does its work to bring that file to the client.

In this, the HTPP Protocol comes first, because without it, transmission of any webpage is not possible. The second function is the TCP protocol, it makes the connection between the server and the client. When TCP creates a connection, it breaks that HTML file into several Packets, which we also call data packets. After this it gives them numbers like – datapacket 1, datapacket 2, datapacket 3 etc. Now the third task is the IP Protocol, it tells the TCP protocol the address of the client where the file has to be sent. As soon as the address of the client is received, TCP sends that HTML file to the destination. After that the file gets assemble and gets back to the client in its original form.

So this was an example of understanding the work of Internet Protocol. Hope you understand. If you are reading this for the first time, then it will be a bit difficult. That is why after reading a little more deeply, you will understand it well after reading twice.

Conclusion

In this post you have learned what is Protocol and what are the types of it? After reading this, you must have understood how important the protocol is for data communication on the internet. From a student’s perspective, knowing it is very beneficial for you. That is why my attempt was to give you complete information about internet protocol. Hope you have enjoyed reading this post. If you lack any kind of information in it or have difficulty in understanding, then please give your suggestion in the comment below. With your suggestion, we will try our best to change it.